Tun daga shekarun 1990, saboda yawaitar amfani da robobi, takarda da sauran kwantena, musamman saurin karuwar amfani da kwantena na PET, kwantenan gilashin gargajiya, sun fuskanci kalubale mai tsanani. Domin ya kula da matsayinsa a cikin m gasar don rayuwa tare da sauran kayan kwantena, a matsayin manufacturer na gilashin kwantena, shi wajibi ne a gare mu mu yi cikakken amfani da abũbuwan amfãni daga gilashin kwantena da kuma ci gaba da ci gaba da sababbin fasahar da za su iya jawo hankalin masu amfani, to. yi aiki. Mai zuwa shine gabatarwa ga ci gaban fasaha na wannan batu. A sarari, marar launi, akwati gilashin bayyananne wanda ke toshe hasken ultraviolet. Mafi mahimmancin nau'in kwantena gilashi, kamar yadda ya bambanta da sauran gwangwani ko kwantena na takarda, shine gaskiyar abin da za a iya gani a fili. Amma saboda wannan, hasken waje, kuma yana da sauƙin wucewa ta cikin akwati kuma yana haifar da lalacewar abun ciki. Misali, abin da ke cikin giya ko wasu abubuwan sha da aka fallasa ga rana na dogon lokaci, zai haifar da wari mai ban sha'awa kuma ya shuɗe. A cikin abun ciki na lalacewa ta hanyar haske, mafi cutarwa shine tsayin daka na 280-400 nm na ultraviolet. A cikin yin amfani da kwantena gilashi, abun ciki yana nuna a fili ainihin launi a gaban masu amfani kuma hanya ce mai mahimmanci ta nuna halayen kayan sa. Sabili da haka, masu amfani da kwantena gilashi, ana fatan cewa za a sami launi mara launi, kuma zai iya toshe hasken ultraviolet na sababbin samfurori. Domin magance wannan matsala, an samar da wani nau'in gilashin gaskiya mara launi mai suna UVAFlint wanda zai iya sha ultraviolet (UVA yana nufin sha ultraviolet, ultraviolet) kwanan nan. Ana yin ta ne ta hanyar ƙara ƙarfe oxides waɗanda za su iya ɗaukar hasken ultraviolet zuwa gilashin a gefe guda, da cin gajiyar ƙarin tasirin launi, sannan a ƙara wasu karafa ko oxides ɗin su don sa gilashin launi ya ɓace. A halin yanzu, gilashin UVA na kasuwanci gabaɗaya ana ƙara Vanadium Oxide (v 2O 5), cerium oxide (Ce o 2) ƙarfe oxides guda biyu. Domin kawai ana buƙatar ƙaramin adadin vanadium oxide don cimma nasarar da ake so, tsarin narkewa yana buƙatar tankin ciyarwa na musamman ne kawai, wanda ya dace da ƙananan ƙira. Canjin hasken 3.5 mm kauri na gilashin UVA da gilashin talakawa an ƙididdige shi ba da gangan ba a tsayin 330 nm. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa watsawar gilashin talakawa shine 60.6%, kuma na gilashin UVA shine kawai 2.5% . Bugu da ƙari, an gudanar da gwajin faɗuwa ta hanyar haskaka samfuran launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da aka lulluɓe a cikin gilashin talakawa da kwantena gilashin UVA tare da hasken ultraviolet na 14.4 j/m2. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ragowar launi a cikin gilashin talakawa shine kawai 20% , kuma kusan ba a sami faduwa a cikin gilashin UVA ba. Gwajin bambanci ya tabbatar da cewa gilashin UVA yana da aikin dakatar da faɗuwa yadda ya kamata. Gwajin hasarar hasken rana akan ruwan inabi mai kwalabe da kwalaben gilashin na yau da kullun da kuma kwalban gilashin UVA shima ya nuna cewa tsohon ruwan inabin yana da digiri mafi girma na canza launin da ɗanɗano fiye da na ƙarshe. Na biyu, Gilashin Container Pre-label Development, alamar ita ce fuskar kaya, alama ce ta kayayyaki daban-daban, yawancin masu amfani da ita don tantance darajar kaya da shi. Don haka ba shakka lakabin dole ne ya kasance mai kyau da kuma daukar ido. Amma na dogon lokaci, masana'antun kwantena na gilashi sau da yawa suna damuwa da irin wannan aiki mai rikitarwa kamar buga lakabi, lakabi ko sarrafa alamar filin. Domin magance wannan matsala, mun samar da saukaka, yanzu wasu masana'antun gilashin gilashin za a haɗa su ko kuma a buga tambarin da aka riga aka buga a kan kwandon, wanda ake kira "labaran da aka riga aka haɗa. “. A cikin kwantena gilashin da aka riga aka lika takalmi gabaɗaya suna da tambarin roba, tambarin sanda da takalmin bugu kai tsaye, da tambarin sanda da tambarin sandar matsa lamba da tambarin manne mai zafi, tambura. Pre-lakabin iya jure wa canning tsari na tsaftacewa, cika da kuma haifuwa tafiyar matakai ba lalace, da kuma sauƙaƙe sake yin amfani da kwantena, wasu gilashin, kwantena za a iya karya don hana tarkace tashi, tare da buffer yi. Siffar alamar manne-matsi ita ce kasancewar fim ɗin lakabin ba za a iya jin shi ba, kuma kawai abun ciki na lakabin da za a nuna zai iya bayyana a saman kwandon kamar ta hanyar bugawa kai tsaye. Koyaya, farashin sa yana da yawa, kodayake amfani da alamar manne da matsa lamba ya ɗan ƙara haɓaka, amma har yanzu bai samar da kasuwa mafi girma ba. Babban dalilin tsadar sitika shi ne, farashin kwali da ake amfani da shi don sitika yana da yawa kuma ba za a iya sake yin fa'ida ba. Don wannan karshen, Yamamura Glass Co., Ltd. yana fara bincike da ci gaba ba, tare da alamar matsin lamba. Wani sanannen shine Label Sticky mai tsananin zafi, wanda sau ɗaya yayi zafi da ɗanko mai kyau. Bayan ingantaccen manne don Label mai zafi mai zafi, gyaran fuska na akwati, da kuma hanyar da aka rigaya, an inganta juriya na wanki na lakabin, kuma farashin ya ragu sosai, ana amfani da shi a cikin kwalabe 300. layi na cika minti daya. Tambarin matsi na zafin zafi da alamar matsi na iya ganin abin da ke ciki a fili wanda ya bambanta sosai, kuma yana da sifofin farashi mai sauƙi, yana iya jure wa shafa ba tare da lalacewa ba, kuma yana iya jure wa daskarewa magani bayan liƙa. Alamar manne mai zafin zafi tare da kauri na guduro na 38 m PET, wanda aka yi, wanda aka lulluɓe shi da manne mai zafi mai zafi. Ba a sami canje-canje mara kyau ba bayan an jika alamar a cikin ruwa a 11 ° C na tsawon kwanaki 3, an yi shi a 73 ° C na minti 30 kuma a tafasa a 100 ° C na minti 30. Za a iya buga saman alamar da launuka iri-iri, ko kuma a buga ta a baya, don guje wa karo a lokacin sufuri da kuma lalata saman bugu. Ana sa ran yin amfani da wannan alamar kafin a yi amfani da shi zai faɗaɗa buƙatun kasuwa na kwalaben gilashi.
3. Ci gaban gilashin akwati mai rufi fim. Don saduwa da bukatun kasuwa, yawancin abokan ciniki na kwantena na gilashi sun gabatar da buƙatun daban-daban, ayyuka masu yawa da ƙananan buƙatun akan launi, siffar da lakabin akwati, kamar launi na akwati, buƙatun biyu na iya. nuna bayyanar bambancin, amma kuma don hana lalacewar UV ga abun ciki. kwalabe na giya na iya zama Tan, koren ko ma baki don toshe haskoki na UV da samun kamanni daban. Koyaya, yayin da ake yin kwantena gilashin, launi ɗaya ya fi rikitarwa, ɗayan kuma babban gilashin sharar ruwan gauraye ba sauƙin sake sarrafa su ba. A sakamakon haka, masu yin gilashin kullun suna so su rage nau'in launi na gilashi. Don cimma wannan burin, an samar da gilashin gilashin da aka rufe da fim din polymer a saman gilashin gilashin. Ana iya yin fim ɗin zuwa launuka iri-iri da sifofi iri-iri, kamar siffar gilashin ƙasa, ta yadda gilashin zai iya rage yawan launuka. Idan murfin zai iya ɗaukar fim ɗin polymerization na UV, ana iya yin kwantena gilashi mara launi, wasa zai iya ganin fa'idodin abun ciki a sarari. Matsakaicin fim ɗin polymer mai rufi shine 5-20 M, wanda baya shafar sake yin amfani da kwantena gilashi. Saboda launin gilashin ya dogara da launi na fim din, ko da kowane nau'in gilashin da aka haɗe tare, kuma ba zai hana sake yin amfani da shi ba, don haka zai iya inganta yawan sake amfani da shi, yana da matukar amfani ga kare muhalli. Har ila yau, kwandon gilashin fim mai rufi yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa: zai iya hana lalacewar farfajiyar kwalban gilashin da ke haifar da karo da rikici tsakanin kwantena, zai iya rufe ainihin gilashin gilashin, wasu ƙananan lalacewa, kuma yana iya ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfin akwati. fiye da 40%. Ta hanyar gwajin lalacewa na simulators a cikin layin samarwa, an tabbatar da cewa ana iya amfani da shi cikin aminci a cikin layin samarwa na cika kwalabe 1000 a cikin awa daya. Musamman saboda tasirin kwantar da hankali na fim ɗin akan farfajiyar, juriyar girgiza kwandon gilashin yayin jigilar kaya ko motsin cikawa yana inganta sosai. Ana iya ƙarasa da cewa yaɗawa da aikace-aikacen fasahar fim ɗin shafa, tare da hasken ƙirar jikin kwalban, zai zama muhimmiyar hanya don faɗaɗa buƙatun kasuwa na kwantena gilashi a nan gaba. Alal misali, Kamfanin Gilashin Yamamura na Japan a cikin 1998 ya haɓaka kuma ya samar da bayyanar gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashi, gwaje-gwajen juriya na Alkali (nutsewa a cikin 3% alkali bayani na fiye da 1 hour a 70 ° C) , yanayin juriya (ci gaba da daukan hotuna). na tsawon sa'o'i 60 a waje), lalata lalacewa (wanda aka kwatanta yana gudana na mintuna 10 akan layin cikawa) da watsawar ultraviolet. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa fim din mai rufi yana da kyawawan kaddarorin. 4. Haɓaka kwalban gilashin muhalli. Binciken ya nuna cewa kowane 10% karuwa a cikin adadin gilashin sharar gida a cikin albarkatun kasa zai iya rage ƙarfin narkewa da 2.5% da 3.5% . 5% na CO 2 watsi. Kamar yadda muka sani, tare da ƙarancin albarkatu na duniya da kuma ƙara tsananta tasirin greenhouse, don adana albarkatu, rage yawan amfani da rage gurbatar yanayi a matsayin babban abun ciki, abubuwan da ke tattare da wayar da kan muhalli na kulawa da damuwa na duniya. Saboda haka, mutane za su yi ajiyar makamashi da kuma rage gurbatar yanayi zuwa sharar gilashin a matsayin babban kayan albarkatun gilashin da aka sani da "kwalban gilashin muhalli. “. Tabbas, ma'anar ma'anar "gilashin muhalli", yana buƙatar adadin gilashin sharar gida wanda aka kiyasta fiye da 90%. Domin samar da kwantena gilashi masu inganci tare da gilashin shara a matsayin babban albarkatun kasa, manyan matsalolin da za a warware su ne yadda za a kawar da al'amuran waje (kamar ɓangarorin ɓangarorin da ba a taɓa gani ba) gauraye a cikin gilashin sharar gida, da kuma yadda za a kawar da kumfa iska a cikin gilashin. A halin yanzu, bincike da ƙananan fasaha na lalata kayan aiki na yin amfani da fasaha na foda gilashin sharar gida da ƙananan zafin jiki don gane ganewar jikin waje da kuma kawar da su sun shiga mataki mai amfani. Gilashin sharar da aka sake yin amfani da shi ba shakka yana hade da launi, don samun launi mai gamsarwa bayan narkewa, ana iya ɗauka a cikin tsarin narkewa don ƙara ƙarfe oxide, hanyoyin kayan aiki, kamar ƙara cobalt oxide na iya yin gilashin haske kore, da dai sauransu. Samar da gilashin muhalli ya sami tallafi da ƙarfafawa daga gwamnatoci daban-daban. Musamman ma, Japan ta ɗauki mafi ƙwazo a cikin samar da eco-gilashin. A cikin 1992, Hukumar Kula da Marufi ta Duniya (WPO) ta ba da ita don samarwa da aiwatar da "ECO-GLASS" tare da gilashin sharar gida 100% a matsayin albarkatun kasa. Duk da haka, a halin yanzu, rabon "gilashin muhalli" har yanzu yana da ƙasa, har ma a Japan kawai ya kai kashi 5% na jimlar gilashin gilashi. Gilashin kwandon kayan ado ne na gargajiya da ke da dogon tarihi, wanda ke da alaƙa da rayuwar mutane fiye da shekaru 300. Yana da aminci don amfani, mai sauƙin sake yin fa'ida, kuma ba zai ƙazantar da abun ciki ko gilashin ba. Duk da haka, kamar yadda aka ambata a farkon wannan takarda, yana fuskantar ƙalubale masu tsanani irin su kayan kwalliya na polymer, don haka yadda za a karfafa samar da gilashi, yin sababbin fasahar fasaha, ba da cikakkiyar wasa ga fa'idodin kwantena gilashi, masana'antar gilashin gilashi suna fuskantar sabon batu. Ina fatan cewa abubuwan da aka ambata a sama na fasaha na fasaha, zuwa masana'antu, sashen don samar da wasu bayanai masu amfani.
Lokacin aikawa: 11 ga Maris-25-2020
