Kubva kuma1990, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwakapararira kwepurasitiki, mapepa uye zvimwe midziyo yemidziyo, kunyanya kukurumidza kuwedzera kwekushandiswa kwemidziyo yePET, midziyo yegirazi yechinyakare, yakasangana nedambudziko rakakura. Kuti ichengetedze chinzvimbo chayo mumakwikwi anotyisa ekupona nemamwe midziyo yemidziyo, semugadziri wemidziyo yegirazi, zvakafanira kuti isu tishandise zvakazara zvakanakira magirazi emidziyo uye tirambe tichigadzira matekinoroji matsva anogona kukwezva vatengi, ita kuti ishande. Izvi zvinotevera sumo yekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwenyaya iyi. Chigadziko chegirazi chakajeka, chisina ruvara, chakajeka chinovhara ultraviolet rays. Chinhu chinonyanya kusiyanisa chemidziyo yegirazi, seyakasiyana kubva kune mamwe magaba kana mapepa emidziyo, kuve pachena uko zviri mukati zvinogona kuoneka zvakajeka. Asi nekuda kweizvi, mwenje wekunze, zvakare nyore kwazvo kupfuura nemugaba uye kukonzera kuderera kwemukati. Semuenzaniso, zviri mukati medoro kana zvimwe zvinwiwa zvakafumurwa kuzuva kwenguva yakareba, zvinoburitsa kunhuhwirira kunoshamisa uye kupera kwechiitiko. Mune zvinyorwa zvekuora kunokonzerwa nechiedza, chinonyanya kukuvadza ndeyevelength ye 280-400 nm ye ultraviolet. Mukushandiswa kwemidziyo yegirazi, zvirimo zvinoratidza pachena ruvara rwayo pamberi pevatengi uye inzira yakakosha yekuratidza hunhu hwayo. Naizvozvo, vashandisi vegirazi midziyo, zvinotarisirwa zvakanyanya kuti pachava neruvara rusina ruvara, uye inogona kuvharira ultraviolet nemwaranzi yezvigadzirwa zvitsva. Kuti ugadzirise dambudziko iri, rudzi rwegirazi risina ruvara rakajeka rinonzi UVAFlint rinogona kutora ultraviolet (UVA zvinoreva kutora ultraviolet, ultraviolet) rakagadzirwa munguva pfupi yapfuura. Iyo inogadzirwa nekuwedzera simbi oxides iyo inogona kutora ultraviolet rays kune girazi kune rumwe rutivi, uye kutora mukana weiyo inopindirana mhedzisiro yeruvara, uyezve nekuwedzera mamwe masimbi kana maokisi awo kuita kuti girazi rine ruvara ripere. Parizvino, yekutengesa UVA girazi rinowanzowedzerwa Vanadium Oxide (v 2O 5) , cerium oxide (Ce o 2) maviri simbi oxides. Nekuti ishoma chete yevanadium oxide inodiwa kuti iwane mhedzisiro inodiwa, kunyunguduka kunoda chete yakakosha yekuwedzera yekudyisa tangi, iyo inonyanya kukodzera kugadzirwa kwediki. Iyo mwenje wekufambisa ye3.5 mm ukobvu UVA girazi uye yakajairwa girazi yakatorwa zvisina tsarukano pa330 nm wavelength. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kutapurirana kwegirazi rakajairika kwaive 60.6%, uye iyo yegirazi yeUVA yaingova 2.5%. Uye zvakare, iyo bvunzo yekudzima yakaitwa nekuvhenekesa bhuruu pigment samples yakavharidzirwa mugirazi rakajairwa uye UVA girazi midziyo ine ultraviolet mwaranzi ye14.4 j/m2. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti chiyero chakasara chemavara mugirazi chaingove 20% chete, uye hapana kupera kwakawanikwa mugirazi reUVA. Muedzo wekusiyanisa wakasimbisa kuti girazi reUVA rine basa rekumisa kupera zvakanaka. Muedzo wekuvheneka kwezuva pawaini yakavharwa nebhodhoro regirazi rakajairwa uye UVA bhodhoro regirazi rakaratidzawo kuti yaimbova waini yaive yakakwira dhigirii rekudzikira uye kuravira kuderera kupfuura iyo yekupedzisira. Chechipiri, iyo Glass Container Pre-label Development, iyo label ichiso chezvinhu, chiratidzo chezvinhu zvakasiyana, vatengi vazhinji kutonga kukosha kwezvinhu nazvo. Saka chokwadi iyo label inofanirwa kuve yakanaka uye inokwezva maziso. Asi kwenguva yakareba, vagadziri vezvigadziko zvegirazi vanowanzonetseka nebasa rakaoma kudaro sekudhinda mabhii, kunyora kana kutariswa kwemumunda. Kuti tigadzirise dambudziko iri, tinopa zviri nyore, iye zvino vamwe vagadziri vezvigadziko zvegirazi vanozosungirirwa kana kufanodhindwa mabhii pamudziyo, anonzi "pre-attached labels. “. Mumidziyo yegirazi pre-yakanamirwa mavara anowanzo kuve e elastic label, stick labels uye akananga kudhinda mavara, uye stick labels ne pressure-stick label uye heat-sensitive sticky label, mavara. Pre-label inogona kumira kugadzika maitiro ekuchenesa, kuzadza uye sterilization maitiro haana kukuvadzwa, uye kufambisa kudzokororwa kwemidziyo, mamwe girazi, midziyo inogona kuputswa kudzivirira marara kubhururuka, nekuita kwebuffer. Chimiro chepressure-adhesive label ndechekuti kuvepo kweiyo label firimu hakugone kunzwika, uye chete iyo label yemukati icharatidzwa inogona kuoneka pamusoro pechigadziko sekunge nenzira yakananga kudhinda. Nekudaro, mutengo wayo wakakwira, kunyangwe kushandiswa kwekumanikidza adhesive label yakawedzera maitiro, asi haisati yagadzira musika wakakura. Chikonzero chikuru chemutengo wepamusoro wechinamira ndechekuti mutengo wekadhibhodhi substrate inoshandiswa kune sticker wakakwira uye haugone kudzokororwa. Kuti izvi zviitike, Yamamura Glass Co., Ltd. iri kutanga kutsvagisa uye kusimudzira hakusi, neiyo substrate pressure label. Imwe inonyanya kufarirwa ndeyekupisa-inonzwa Sticky Label, iyo yakambopisa neine viscosity yakanaka. Mushure mekuvandudzwa kweadhesive yeLabel-inonzwa kupisa, kurapwa kwepamusoro kwemudziyo, uye nzira yekupisa, kushambidzika kwechirairo kwakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, uye mutengo wakadzikiswa zvakanyanya, unoshandiswa mumabhodhoro mazana matatu. paminiti yekuzadza mutsara. Heat-sensitive pre-stick label uye pressure-stick label inogona kunyatsoona zviri mukati izvo zvinosiyana zvakanyanya, uye inewo maitiro emutengo wakaderera, inogona kumira nekukweshwa pasina kukuvara, uye inogona kushingirira kurapwa nechando mushure mekunamatira. Heat-sensitive adhesive label ine ukobvu hwe38 m PET resin, yakagadzirwa, iyo yakavharwa nepamusoro-tembiricha inoshanda inonamira. Hapana shanduko dzisina kujairika dzakawanikwa mushure mekunge mavara akanyikwa mumvura pa11 °C kwemazuva matatu, pasteurized pa73 °C kwemaminetsi makumi matatu uye akabikwa pa100 ° C kwemaminitsi makumi matatu. Pamusoro peiyo label inogona kudhindwa mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana, kana kudhindwa kune reverse side, kuitira kudzivirira kudhumhana panguva yekufambisa uye kukanganisa kunzvimbo yekudhinda. Iko kushandiswa kweiyi pre-label inotarisirwa kuwedzera zvakanyanya kudiwa kwemusika kwemabhodhoro egirazi.
3. Kuvandudzwa kwegirazi ndiro yakavharwa firimu. Kuti zvizadzise zvinodikanwa zvemusika, vatengi vanowedzera uye vanowedzera magirazi emidziyo vakaisa pamberi akasiyana-siyana, akawanda-anoshanda uye madiki batch zvinodiwa pane ruvara, chimiro uye label yemudziyo, senge ruvara rwemudziyo, zvese zvinodiwa zvinogona. ratidza kutaridzika kwemusiyano, asiwo kudzivirira UV kukuvadzwa kune zviri mukati. Mabhodhoro edoro anogona kuve Tan, girinhi kana kunyange dema kuitira kuvhara UV maranzi uye kuwana kutaridzika kwakasiyana. Nekudaro, mukugadzira midziyo yegirazi, rumwe ruvara rwakanyanya kuomarara, uye imwe yacho yakawanda yakasanganiswa ruvara tsvina girazi haisi nyore kudzokorora. Somugumisiro, vagadziri vegirazi vagara vachida kuderedza zvakasiyana-siyana zvemavara egirazi. Kuti uwane chinangwa ichi, chigadziko chegirazi chakaputirwa nefirimu repolymer pamusoro pechigadziko chegirazi chakagadzirwa. Iyo firimu inogona kugadzirwa mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana uye maumbirwo echitarisiko, akadai sechimiro chegirazi chepasi, kuitira kuti girazi rigone kuderedza zvakasiyana-siyana zvemavara. Kana iyo yekuputira ichikwanisa kutora UV polymerization firimu, midziyo yegirazi inogona kuitwa isina ruvara yakajeka, kutamba kunogona kunyatsoona zvakanakira zviri mukati. Ukobvu hwepolymer-yakavharwa firimu ndeye 5-20 M, iyo isingakanganise kudzokororwa kwemidziyo yegirazi. Nokuti ruvara rwegirazi chigadziko chinotemerwa nemuvara firimu, kunyange kana marudzi ose akaputsika girazi akasanganiswa pamwe, uyewo hakutadzisi kudzokorodza, saka anogona zvikuru kuvandudza recycling mwero, inobatsira zvikuru kudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza. Iyo yakavharwa yegirazi girazi mudziyo inewo zvinotevera zvakanakira: inogona kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwepamusoro kwebhodhoro regirazi kunokonzerwa nekudhumhana uye kupokana pakati pemidziyo, inogona kuvhara chigadziko chegirazi chepakutanga, kumwe kukuvadza kudiki, uye inogona kuwedzera simba rekumanikidza remudziyo. kupfuura 40%. Kuburikidza neyakateedzera kudhumhana kukuvadza bvunzo mumutsara wekuzadza kugadzira, zvinoratidzwa kuti inogona kushandiswa zvakachengeteka mutsetse wekugadzira wekuzadza mabhodhoro zana paawa. Kunyanya nekuda kweiyo cushioning mhedzisiro yefirimu pamusoro pepamusoro, kushomeka kwegaba regirazi panguva yekufambisa kana kuzadza kufamba kunovandudzwa zvakanyanya. Zvinogona kugumiswa kuti kufarirwa uye kushandiswa kweiyo coating firimu tekinoroji, pamwe nekureruka kwekugadzirwa kwebhodhoro remuviri, ichave nzira yakakosha yekuwedzera kudiwa kwemusika kwemidziyo yegirazi mune ramangwana. Semuyenzaniso, Yamamura Glass Company yekuJapan muna 1998 yakagadzira uye yakagadzira kutaridzika kwegirazi rakavharidzirwa girazi midziyo yegirazi, zviyedzo zveAlkali kuramba (kunyudzwa mu3% alkali solution kweinopfuura awa imwe pa70 ° C), kuramba mamiriro ekunze (kuramba kuratidzwa. kwemaawa makumi matanhatu kunze), kukuvara kwekubvisa (kutevedzera kumhanya kwemaminetsi gumi pamutsetse wekuzadza) uye ultraviolet transmittance yakaitwa. Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti firimu yekuputira ine zvinhu zvakanaka. 4. Kuvandudzwa kwebhodhoro regirazi rezvisikwa. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti yega yega 10% kuwedzera kwechikamu chemarara girazi mune mbishi zvinhu zvinogona kuderedza simba rekunyungudika ne2.5% uye 3.5%. 5% yeCO2 inobuda. Sezvatinoziva tose, nekushomeka kwepasirese kwezviwanikwa uye kuwedzera kwakakomba greenhouse effect, kuchengetedza zviwanikwa, kuderedza kushandiswa uye kuderedza kusvibiswa sechinhu chikuru chemukati, zviri mukati mekuziva kwezvakatipoteredza kutarisisa kwepasirese uye kunetseka. Naizvozvo, vanhu vanozochengetedza simba uye nekudzikisa kusvibiswa kutambisa girazi sechinhu chikuru chemidziyo yegirazi inozivikanwa se "ecological glass bottle. “. Zvechokwadi, pfungwa yakasimba ye "ecological glass" , inoda chikamu chegirasi yemarara inodarika 90%. Kuti ugadzire midziyo yegirazi yemhando yepamusoro ine girazi remarara sechinhu chikuru, matambudziko akakosha anogadziriswa ndeekuti ungabvisa sei nyaya yekunze (senge simbi yemarara, marara eporcelain zvidimbu) zvakasanganiswa mumarara girazi, uye. nzira yekubvisa mabhuru emhepo mugirazi. Parizvino, tsvakiridzo uye yakaderera-kudzvanya defoaming tekinoroji yekushandisa tekinoroji yemarara girazi poda uye yakaderera-kunyungudika kunyunguduka kuti uone kuzivikanwa kwemuviri wekunze uye kubviswa kwapinda munhanho inoshanda. Girazi yakadzokororwa yakasvibiswa pasina mubvunzo yakasanganiswa muvara, kuitira kuti uwane ruvara runogutsa mushure mekunyunguduka, inogona kutorwa mukunyunguduka kuti uwedzere metal oxide, nzira dzezvinhu, zvakadai sekuwedzera cobalt oxide inogona kuita kuti girazi rive rakasvibirira, nezvimwewo. Kugadzirwa kwegirazi rezvisikwa kwakatsigirwa nekukurudzirwa nehurumende dzakasiyana siyana. Kunyanya, Japan yakatora maitiro anoshingaira mukugadzira eco-girazi. Muna 1992, yakapiwa neWorld Packaging Agency (WPO) yekugadzira uye kushandiswa kwe "ECO-GLASS" ne 100% tsvina yegirazi sezvinhu zvakasvibiswa. Zvisinei, pari zvino, chikamu che "ecological glass" ichiri yakaderera, kunyange muJapan inongotora 5% yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemidziyo yegirazi. Chigadziko chegirazi chinhu chechinyakare chekurongedza chine nhoroondo refu, icho chave nehukama hwepedyo nehupenyu hwevanhu kweanopfuura makore mazana matatu. Yakachengeteka kushandisa, iri nyore kudzokorora, uye haizosvibisa zviri mukati kana girazi. Nekudaro, sezvakataurwa pakutanga kwebepa rino, iri kutarisana nematambudziko akakura senge polymer packaging zvinhu, saka nzira yekusimbisa kugadzirwa kwegirazi, kugadzira tekinoroji nyowani, kupa kutamba kwakazara kune zvakanakira midziyo yegirazi, indasitiri yemidziyo yegirazi yakatarisana ne nyaya itsva. Ndinovimba kuti ataurwa pamusoro tekinoroji maitiro, kune iyo indasitiri, iyo chikamu kuti ipe imwe inobatsira ratidziro.
Nguva yekutumira: 11月-25-2020
